Yellow fever is a zoonotic flavivirus infection transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes

-it is endemic in South America and sub-Saharan Africa 

Symptoms & signs 

-Severity ranges from self-limited flu-like illness to a fatal hemorrhagic fever 

-Fever, bradycardia (Faget sign), headache, myalgia, conjunctival injection, abdominal pain, prostration, facial flushing, jaundice, vomiting, black emesis, albuminuria, confusion, seizures, shock, coma  

-Classic triad: jaundice, black emesis, and albuminuria 

Diagnosis 

Diagnosis may be made by serology (ELISA for IgM), by virus isolation, by detection of viral genome by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in serum, or by histopathology

Treatment

Supportive care: acetaminophen, fluid replacement

-no specific antiviral therapy 

Prevention

-Offer yellow fever vaccine to all individuals over the age of 9 months, traveling to endemic regions